The policy covers LinkedIn-branded sites, apps and off-site services unless a service names a different policy
This Privacy Policy, effective November 3, 2025, applies to any Member or Visitor using LinkedIn.com, LinkedIn-branded apps, sites, communications and services, including off-site services such as LinkedIn's ad services and the "Apply with LinkedIn" and "Share with LinkedIn" plugins. It does not apply to a service that states it is offered under a different privacy policy. The policy says it includes the Cookie Policy, and that the collection, use and sharing of your personal data is also subject to other documents it references and to updates.
Supporting quotations
Effective November 3, 2025
Our Privacy Policy applies to any Member or Visitor to our Services.
This Privacy Policy, including our Cookie Policy applies to your use of our Services.
This Privacy Policy applies to LinkedIn.com, LinkedIn-branded apps, and other LinkedIn-branded sites, apps, communications and services offered by LinkedIn (“Services”), including off-site Services, such as our ad services and the “Apply with LinkedIn” and “Share with LinkedIn” plugins, but excluding services that state that they are offered under a different privacy policy.
For California residents, additional disclosures required by California law may be found in our
As a Visitor or Member of our Services, the collection, use and sharing of your personal data is subject to this Privacy Policy and other documents referenced in this Privacy Policy, as well as updates.
Qualifications & exceptions
California residents are pointed to a separate California Privacy Disclosure for additional disclosures required by California law.
Not stated here
The Cookie Policy, California Privacy Disclosure and other referenced documents are linked but not supplied here, so their terms are not analyzed.
Account & Service Control · User right or choice
Members get privacy Settings; Visitors without an account get separate controls
The policy distinguishes registered users ("Members") from non-Members who view content and data on some Services ("Visitors"). Members have privacy Settings; Visitors are given separate controls. The choices LinkedIn offers about the data it collects, uses and shares are described across this policy, the Cookie Policy, Settings and the Help Center.
Supporting quotations
Our registered users (“Members”)
Content and data on some of our Services is viewable to non-Members (“Visitors”).
are available to Members of LinkedIn and Visitors are provided separate controls.
We offer our users choices about the data we collect, use and share as described in this Privacy Policy,
Not stated here
The specific Visitor controls and Help Center pages are linked, not supplied.
Legal Rights & Agreement Rules · Context
LinkedIn Ireland controls data of people in the EU, EEA and Switzerland; LinkedIn Corporation everywhere else
"Designated Countries" means the EU, EEA and Switzerland. If you are in a Designated Country, LinkedIn Ireland Unlimited Company is the controller of your personal data connected with the Services. If you are outside the Designated Countries, LinkedIn Corporation is the controller (or business responsible). The UK is not in the Designated Countries definition, but UK Members and Visitors, like those in Designated Countries, are pointed to a separate European Regional Privacy Notice for additional information.
Supporting quotations
We use the term “Designated Countries” to refer to countries in the European Union (EU), European Economic Area (EEA), and Switzerland.
Members and Visitors located in the Designated Countries or the UK can review additional information in our
If you are in the “Designated Countries”, LinkedIn Ireland Unlimited Company (“LinkedIn Ireland”) will be the controller of your personal data provided to, or collected by or for, or processed in connection with our Services.
If you are outside of the Designated Countries, LinkedIn Corporation will be the controller of (or business responsible for) your personal data provided to, or collected by or for, or processed in connection with our Services.
Qualifications & exceptions
Under the literal definitions here, a UK user falls in the "outside of the Designated Countries" sentence, which names LinkedIn Corporation.
Not stated here
The European Regional Privacy Notice is not supplied; it may add or change details for UK and Designated Country users, including which entity is responsible for UK users.
Legal Rights & Agreement Rules · Company commitment
LinkedIn can change the policy and gives notice of material changes before they take effect
LinkedIn can modify this Privacy Policy. For material changes, it will give notice through the Services or by other means so you can review the changes before they become effective. Changes apply to your use of the Services after the effective date. If you object to a change, the remedy the policy names is closing your account.
Supporting quotations
LinkedIn (“we” or “us”) can modify this Privacy Policy, and if we make material changes to it, we will provide notice through our Services, or by other means, to provide you the opportunity to review the changes before they become effective.
If you object to any changes, you may
Changes to the Privacy Policy apply to your use of our Services after the “effective date.”
Qualifications & exceptions
The notice commitment is stated for material changes; the policy does not say non-material changes will be announced.
Legal Rights & Agreement Rules · Restriction or exception
Continuing to use LinkedIn after a change notice puts your data under the updated policy
If you keep using the Services after LinkedIn publishes or sends a notice about changes to this Privacy Policy, you acknowledge that the collection, use and sharing of your personal data is subject to the updated policy from its effective date.
Supporting quotations
You acknowledge that your continued use of our Services after we publish or send a notice about our changes to this Privacy Policy means that the collection, use and sharing of your personal data is subject to the updated Privacy Policy, as of its effective date.
Qualifications & exceptions
The alternative the policy names for someone who objects is closing the account.
Creating an account requires your name, email or mobile number, general location and a password
To create a LinkedIn account you must provide data including your name, your email address and/or mobile number, your general location (for example, a city) and a password. If you sign up for a premium Service, you must also provide payment details (for example, a credit card) and billing information.
Supporting quotations
You provide data to create an account with us.
To create an account you need to provide data including your name, email address and/or mobile number, general location (e.g., city), and a password.
If you register for a premium Service, you will need to provide payment (e.g., credit card) and billing information.
Qualifications & exceptions
The list is introduced with "including", so it is not necessarily the complete set of registration data.
Data Access & Collection · User right or choice
Extra profile details are optional, including whether to add sensitive information and make it public
You choose what goes on your profile beyond what registration requires, such as education, work experience, skills, photo, city or area, endorsements and optional verifications (for example of your identity or workplace). You do not have to add this additional information, although LinkedIn says it helps recruiters and business opportunities find you. Whether to include sensitive information on your profile, and whether to make it public, is your choice. The policy asks you not to add personal data to your profile that you would not want to be publicly available.
Supporting quotations
You create your LinkedIn profile (a complete profile helps you get the most from our Services).
about the information on your profile, such as your education, work experience, skills, photo,
You don’t have to provide additional information on your profile; however, profile information helps you to get more from our Services, including helping recruiters and business opportunities find you.
It’s your choice whether to include
on your profile and to make that sensitive information public. Please do not post or add personal data to your profile that you would not want to be publicly available.
Not stated here
What LinkedIn counts as "sensitive information" is described on a linked Help page that is not supplied.
Data Access & Collection · Company practice
LinkedIn collects what you post or upload, such as forms, survey answers, resumes and job applications
LinkedIn collects personal data you provide, post or upload to the Services, for example when you fill out a form (such as with demographic data or salary), answer a survey, submit a resume or fill out a job application. You do not have to post or upload personal data, but not doing so may limit your ability to grow and engage with your network.
Supporting quotations
We collect personal data from you when you provide, post or upload it to our Services, such as when you fill out a form, (e.g., with demographic data or salary), respond to a survey, or submit a resume or fill out a job application on our Services.
You don’t have to post or upload personal data; though if you don’t, it may limit your ability to grow and engage with your network over our Services.
Data Access & Collection · Company practice
If you sync your calendar, LinkedIn collects meeting details to suggest connections and show event information
Syncing a calendar is optional. If you sync your calendars with LinkedIn, it will collect your calendar meeting information and use it to suggest connections for you and for others, and to provide information about events, such as times, places, attendees and contacts.
Supporting quotations
You may give other data to us, such as by syncing your calendar.
If you sync your calendars with our Services, we will collect your calendar meeting information to keep growing your network by suggesting connections for you and others, and by providing information about events, e.g. times, places, attendees and contacts.
Qualifications & exceptions
Suggestions based on your calendar can be made to other people as well as to you.
Data Access & Collection · Company practice
Others' posts and public news about you can become part of LinkedIn
You and other people may post content that includes information about you, in articles, posts, comments or videos. LinkedIn may also collect public information about you, such as professional news and accomplishments, and make it available on the Services, including, as your settings permit, in notifications to others that you were mentioned in the news.
Supporting quotations
Others may post or write about you.
You and others may post content that includes information about you (as part of articles, posts, comments, videos) on our Services.
We also may collect public information about you, such as professional-related news and accomplishments, and make it available as part of our Services, including, as permitted by your settings, in notifications to others of
Qualifications & exceptions
Notifications to others about news mentions are subject to your settings.
Data Access & Collection · Company practice
Other users' contact imports, calendar syncs, business card scans and messages give LinkedIn data about you
LinkedIn receives personal data about you, including contact information, when other people import or sync their calendars, associate their contacts with Member profiles, scan and upload business cards, or send messages through LinkedIn (including invites and connection requests). If you or others opt in to sync email accounts, LinkedIn also collects "email header" information that it can associate with Member profiles.
Supporting quotations
Others may sync their calendar with our Services
We receive personal data (including contact information) about you when others import or sync their calendar with our Services, associate their contacts with Member profiles, scan and upload business cards, or send messages using our Services (including invites or connection requests).
If you or others opt-in to sync email accounts with our Services, we will also collect “email header” information that we can associate with Member profiles.
Qualifications & exceptions
Email header collection depends on an opt-in by you or by another person, so it can happen through someone else's choice.
Not stated here
The policy does not define which fields "email header" information includes.
Data Access & Collection · Company practice
Employers, prospective employers and applicant tracking systems send LinkedIn data about you
LinkedIn receives personal data about you (for example, your job title and work email address) when you use services of LinkedIn's customers and partners, such as employers or prospective employers and applicant tracking systems that provide job application data.
Supporting quotations
Customers and partners may provide data to us.
We receive personal data (e.g., your job title and work email address) about you when you use the services of our customers and partners, such as employers or prospective employers and applicant tracking systems providing us job application data.
Linking & Identification · Company practice
LinkedIn receives data from Microsoft and other affiliates, including your engagement with Microsoft services
LinkedIn receives data about you when you use some other services provided by LinkedIn or its Affiliates, including Microsoft. For example, you may choose to send LinkedIn information about your contacts in Microsoft apps such as Outlook, or LinkedIn may receive information from Microsoft about your engagement with Microsoft's sites and services.
Supporting quotations
We receive data about you when you use some of the other services provided by us or our Affiliates, including Microsoft.
For example, you may choose to send us information about your contacts in Microsoft apps and services, such as Outlook, for improved professional networking activities on our Services or we may receive information from Microsoft about your engagement with their sites and services.
Qualifications & exceptions
Sending Outlook contacts is described as your choice; receiving engagement data from Microsoft is stated as something LinkedIn may do, with no choice described here.
Not stated here
Which other services and Affiliates are involved is not listed beyond Microsoft.
Data Access & Collection · Company practice
LinkedIn logs your visits, clicks, searches and app activity and identifies you by log-ins, cookies, device data and IP
LinkedIn logs usage data when you visit or use its sites, apps and platform technology, such as when you view or click content or ads (on or off LinkedIn's sites and apps), search, install or update a mobile app, share articles or apply for jobs. It uses log-ins, cookies, device information and IP addresses to identify you and log your use.
Supporting quotations
We log your visits and use of our Services, including mobile apps.
We log usage data when you visit or otherwise use our Services, including our sites, app and platform technology, such as when you view or click on content (e.g., learning video) or ads (on or off our sites and apps), perform a search, install or update one of our mobile apps, share articles or apply for jobs.
We use log-ins, cookies, device information and internet protocol (“IP”) addresses to identify you and log your use.
Use & Processing · Permission or license
LinkedIn may use your personal data to develop and train AI models and to personalize its Services
LinkedIn may use your personal data to improve, develop and provide products and Services, to develop and train artificial intelligence (AI) models, to develop, provide and personalize its Services, and to gain insights with the help of AI, automated systems and inferences. How your data is actually used depends on which Services you use, how you use them and the choices you make in your settings. LinkedIn also uses your data to authorize access to the Services and honor your settings.
Supporting quotations
We use your data to provide, support, personalize and develop our Services.
How we use your personal data will depend on which Services you use, how you use those Services and the choices you make in your
We may use your personal data to improve, develop, and provide products and Services, develop and train artificial intelligence (AI) models, develop, provide, and personalize our Services, and gain insights with the help of AI, automated systems, and inferences, so that our Services can be more relevant and useful to you and others.
We use your data to authorize access to our Services and honor your settings.
about how we use their data.
Qualifications & exceptions
The policy ties use to your settings choices but does not, in this passage, name a specific setting that controls AI training.
Visitors are described as having separate choices about how their data is used.
Not stated here
The linked Responsible AI principles and generative AI help pages are not supplied.
Inference & Profiling · Company practice
LinkedIn makes inferences about you, which it says can include your age and gender
LinkedIn draws inferences from the data it has about you and uses them, along with AI and automated systems, to make its Services more relevant. The policy says the inferences it may make include ones about your age and gender, with more detail on a linked Help page.
Supporting quotations
about the inferences we may make, including as to [your age and gender](https://www.linkedin.com/help/linkedin/answer/a517610/) and how we use them.
Not stated here
The linked page explaining which inferences are made and how they are used is not supplied.
Sharing & Disclosure · Company practice
Connections are mutual, and connected Members can search each other's connections, subject to settings
You can "connect" with professionals you choose who also wish to connect with you. Subject to your settings and theirs, once you connect with other Members you can search each other's connections to exchange professional opportunities.
Supporting quotations
To do so, you can “connect” with the professionals who you choose, and who also wish to “connect” with you.
when you connect with other Members, you will be able to search each others’ connections in order to exchange professional opportunities.
Qualifications & exceptions
Searching each other's connections is subject to both Members' settings.
Use & Processing · Company practice
Your profile, viewing history and uploaded address books are used to suggest connections and help others find you
LinkedIn uses data about you, such as your profile, profiles you have viewed, and data from address book uploads or partner integrations, to help others find your profile, to suggest connections for you and for others (for example, Members who share your contacts or job experiences), and to let you invite others to join and connect with you.
Supporting quotations
We use data about you (such as your profile, profiles you have viewed or data provided through address book uploads or partner integrations) to help others find your profile, suggest connections for you and others (e.g. Members who share your contacts or job experiences) and enable you to invite others to become a Member and connect with you.
Qualifications & exceptions
Profiles you have viewed can feed suggestions made to other people, not only to you.
Use & Processing · User right or choice
You can opt in to let LinkedIn use your precise location or proximity for nearby suggestions, commutes and events
You can opt in to allow LinkedIn to use your precise location or proximity to others for certain tasks, such as suggesting nearby Members to connect with, calculating the commute to a new job, or notifying your connections that you are at a professional event.
Supporting quotations
You can also opt-in to allow us to use your precise location or proximity to others for certain tasks (e.g. to suggest other nearby Members for you to connect with, calculate the commute to a new job, or notify your connections that you are at a professional event).
Qualifications & exceptions
This use is described as opt-in.
Sharing & Disclosure · Company practice
Invitations you send include your basic profile, and LinkedIn sends the invitee reminders
Inviting someone, sending a connection request, or accepting a connection is your choice. When you invite someone to connect, the invitation includes your network and basic profile information, such as your name, profile photo, job title and region, and LinkedIn will send invitation reminders to that person. You can choose whether to share your own list of connections with your connections.
Supporting quotations
It is your choice whether to invite someone to our Services, send a connection request, or allow another Member to become your connection. When you invite someone to connect with you, your invitation will include your network and basic profile information (e.g., name, profile photo, job title, region). We will send invitation reminders to the person you invited.
whether or not to share your own list of connections with your connections.
Not stated here
How many reminders are sent, or for how long, is not stated.
Inference & Profiling · Company practice
Your data and inferences about you are used to rank your feed, suggest skills and recommend learning
LinkedIn uses the data it has about you, including data you provide, data from your engagement and inferences it makes, to personalize the Services, such as by recommending or ranking content and conversations. It also suggests skills to add to your profile and skills for your next opportunity. For example, if you show interest in a new skill (such as by watching a learning video), LinkedIn will use that to personalize your feed, suggest Members to follow and recommend related learning content.
Supporting quotations
We use the data we have about you (e.g., data you provide, data we collect from your engagement with our Services and inferences we make from the data we have about you), to personalize our Services for you, such as by recommending or ranking relevant content and conversations on our Services.
We also use the data we have about you to suggest skills you could add to your profile and skills that you might need to pursue your next opportunity.
So, if you let us know that you are interested in a new skill (e.g., by watching a learning video), we will use this information to personalize content in your feed, suggest that you follow certain Members on our site, or suggest related learning content to help you towards that new skill.
Sharing & Disclosure · Company practice
LinkedIn uses your name, photo and activity to notify your network, subject to your settings
LinkedIn uses your content, activity and other data, including your name and photo, to provide notices to your network and others. For example, subject to your settings, it may notify others that you updated your profile, posted content, took a social action, used a feature, made new connections or were mentioned in the news.
Supporting quotations
We use your content, activity and other data, including your name and photo, to provide notices to your network and others.
we may notify others that you have updated your profile, posted content, took a social action, used a feature, made new connections or were
Qualifications & exceptions
The example notifications are described as subject to your settings.
Use & Processing · Company practice
Ad targeting also uses your logged LinkedIn activity and information from ad partners, vendors and publishers
Continuing the list of ad-targeting data (used separately or combined): data from your use of the Services, including the usage logging described in Section 1.3 (visits, clicks on content and ads, searches, app installs, shares and job applications, identified through log-ins, cookies, device information and IP addresses); and information from advertising partners, vendors and publishers. Inferences drawn from all of this data are also used (see the related card).
Supporting quotations
participation, page visits, videos you watch, clicking on an ad, etc.), including as described in Section 1.3;
We log usage data when you visit or otherwise use our Services, including our sites, app and platform technology, such as when you view or click on content (e.g., learning video) or ads (on or off our sites and apps), perform a search, install or update one of our mobile apps, share articles or apply for jobs.
Information from advertising partners, vendors and
about the ad technologies we use and our advertising services and partners. You can learn more about our compliance with laws in the Designated Countries or the UK in our
Not stated here
LinkedIn points users in the Designated Countries or the UK to the separate European Regional Privacy Notice for its compliance with their laws; that notice is not supplied, so any regional differences in ad targeting are not analyzed here.
The linked pages on ad technologies, advertising services and partners are not supplied.
For ads, LinkedIn infers your industry, seniority, pay bracket, age, gender and interests
Ad targeting also uses information LinkedIn infers from the data above. The policy's examples: using job titles on your profile to infer industry, seniority and compensation bracket; using graduation dates to infer age; using first names or pronoun usage to infer gender; using feed activity to infer your interests; and using device data to recognize you as a Member.
Supporting quotations
Information inferred from data described above (e.g., using job titles from a profile to infer industry, seniority, and compensation bracket; using graduation dates to infer age or using first names or pronoun usage to infer gender; using your feed activity to infer your interests; or using device data to recognize you as a Member).
Qualifications & exceptions
These are listed as examples, so other inferences may also be used for advertising.
Not stated here
The linked page about inferences used for advertising is not supplied.
Liking or commenting on a sponsored post shows your name to others, including the advertiser
LinkedIn shows ads called sponsored content that look like regular content but are labeled as advertising (for example, "ad" or "sponsored"). If you like, comment on or share one of these ads, your action is associated with your name and viewable by others, including the advertiser. Separately, subject to your settings, a social action you take on LinkedIn may be mentioned alongside related ads; for example, if you like a company, LinkedIn may include your name and photo when that company's sponsored content is shown.
Supporting quotations
which look similar to non-sponsored content, except that they are labeled as advertising (e.g., as “ad” or “sponsored”). If you take a social action (such as like, comment or share) on these ads, your action is associated with your name and viewable by others, including the advertiser.
if you take a social action on the LinkedIn Services, that action may be mentioned with related ads. For example, when you like a company we may include your name and photo when their sponsored content is shown.
Qualifications & exceptions
Showing your social actions alongside related ads is subject to your settings; visibility of your action on the ad itself is not described as subject to a setting.
Use & Processing · User right or choice
Members and Visitors have settings to limit use of certain data categories for more relevant ads
You have choices about LinkedIn's use of certain categories of data to show you more relevant ads. Members use their ad settings; Visitors have a separate setting.
Supporting quotations
You have choices regarding our uses of certain categories of data to show you more relevant ads. Member settings
For Visitors,
Qualifications & exceptions
The choice covers certain categories of data, not all ad data; non-personalized ads cannot be opted out of.
Not stated here
Which data categories the settings cover is on linked pages that are not supplied.
Sharing & Disclosure · Company commitment
LinkedIn shares only hashed IDs, permitted data and already-visible data with outside advertisers
LinkedIn says it does not share your personal data with non-Affiliated third-party advertisers or ad networks, except for three things: hashed IDs or device identifiers (to the extent they count as personal data in some countries); data shared with your separate permission (for example, in a lead generation form); and data already visible to any users of the Services (for example, your profile).
Supporting quotations
We do not share your personal data with any non-Affiliated third-party advertisers or ad networks except for: (i) hashed IDs or device identifiers (to the extent they are personal data in some countries); (ii) with your separate permission (e.g., in a lead generation form) or (iii) data already visible to any users of the Services (e.g., profile).
Qualifications & exceptions
The commitment covers non-Affiliated advertisers and ad networks; sharing with Affiliates such as Microsoft for their advertising services is addressed in section 3.4.
Ad providers can still learn about you from ad views and clicks and can match hashed IDs (see the related card).
Linking & Identification · Company practice
Ad providers can tell it is you when you view or click an ad, and can match their data to LinkedIn's hashed IDs
If you view or click an ad on or off LinkedIn, the ad provider gets a signal that someone visited the page showing the ad and may, using mechanisms such as cookies, determine that it was you. Advertising partners can link personal data the advertiser collected directly from you with hashed IDs or device identifiers received from LinkedIn. LinkedIn says it seeks to contractually require those partners to get your explicit opt-in consent first where legally required, and in those cases takes steps to ensure consent was given before processing data from them.
Supporting quotations
However, if you view or click on an ad on or off our Services, the ad provider will get a signal that someone visited the page that displayed the ad, and they may, through the use of mechanisms such as cookies, determine it is you. Advertising partners can associate personal data collected by the advertiser directly from you with hashed IDs or device identifiers received from us.
We seek to contractually require such advertising partners to obtain your explicit, opt-in consent before doing so where legally required, and in such instances, we take steps to ensure that consent has been provided before processing data from them.
Qualifications & exceptions
The consent requirement applies only where legally required, and LinkedIn describes it as something it seeks to require by contract, not a guarantee.
Use & Processing · Company practice
LinkedIn uses Members' data and content in invitations and promotions, such as telling connections you used a feature
Besides advertising its Services, LinkedIn uses Members' data and content for invitations and communications promoting membership, network growth, engagement and its Services, for example by showing your connections that you have used a feature.
Supporting quotations
We promote our Services to you and others.
In addition to advertising our Services, we use Members’ data and content for invitations and communications promoting membership and network growth, engagement and our Services, such as by showing your connections that you have used a feature on our Services.
Use & Processing · Company practice
LinkedIn uses data, including public feedback, for research and development of its Services
LinkedIn uses data, including public feedback, to conduct research and development for its Services, to provide a better and more personalized experience, drive membership growth and engagement, and help connect professionals to each other and to economic opportunity.
Supporting quotations
We develop our Services and conduct research
and development for our Services in order to provide you and others with a better, more intuitive and personalized experience, drive membership growth and engagement on our Services, and help connect professionals to each other and to economic opportunity.
Sharing & Disclosure · Company practice
Your personal data is used for workforce trend research, sometimes with outside researchers, published only in aggregate
LinkedIn uses the personal data available to it to research social, economic and workplace trends, such as job availability and needed skills. In some cases it works with trusted third parties on this research, under controls it says are designed to protect your privacy. It publishes, or allows others to publish, economic insights presented as aggregated data rather than personal data.
Supporting quotations
We use the personal data available to us to research social, economic and workplace trends, such as jobs availability and skills needed for these
In some cases, we work with trusted third parties to perform this research, under
We publish or allow others to publish economic insights, presented as aggregated data rather than personal data.
Qualifications & exceptions
Third parties doing this research work under controls LinkedIn describes; the controls themselves are on a linked page.
Not stated here
The linked description of research controls is not supplied.
Sharing & Disclosure · Permission or license
LinkedIn may give researchers public data to assess the platform's safety and legal compliance
LinkedIn may make public data available to researchers so they can assess the safety and legal compliance of its Services.
Supporting quotations
We may also make public data available to
Qualifications & exceptions
This passage refers to public data.
Not stated here
Which researchers qualify and what "public data" includes are described on a linked page that is not supplied.
Data Access & Collection · User right or choice
You don't have to answer polls or surveys and can opt out of survey invitations
LinkedIn and others run polls and surveys through the Services. You are not obligated to respond, you have choices about what information you provide, and you may opt out of survey invitations.
Supporting quotations
Polls and surveys are conducted by us and others through our Services. You are not obligated to respond to polls or surveys, and you have choices about the information you provide. You may
Use & Processing · Company practice
LinkedIn may use your communications to investigate and resolve complaints and service issues
LinkedIn uses data, which can include your communications, to help you and fix problems: to investigate, respond to and resolve complaints, and for Service issues such as bugs.
Supporting quotations
We use data to help you and fix problems.
We use data (which can include your communications) to investigate, respond to and resolve complaints and for Service issues (e.g., bugs).
Sharing & Disclosure · Company practice
LinkedIn produces and shares insights that do not identify you, including ad reports to advertisers
LinkedIn uses your data for analytics to produce and share insights that do not identify you. Examples: statistics about Members, their profession or industry; counting ad impressions and clicks for billing and budget reporting and, subject to your settings, for reports to advertisers who may use them for their campaigns; showing Members engagement information for a post or LinkedIn Page; publishing visitor demographics for a Service or demographic workforce insights; and understanding usage of its services.
Supporting quotations
We use data to generate insights that do not identify you.
to perform analytics to produce and share insights that do not identify you. For example, we may use your data to generate statistics about our Members, their profession or industry, to calculate ad impressions served or clicked on (e.g., for basic business reporting to support billing and budget management or, subject to your
for reports to advertisers who may use them to inform their advertising campaigns), to show Members' information about engagement with a
to publish visitor demographics for a Service or create demographic workforce insights, or to understand usage of our services.
Qualifications & exceptions
Reports to advertisers based on your ad-related actions are subject to your settings.
The policy describes these insights as not identifying you; it does not describe the method used to ensure that.
Security & Safeguards · Permission or license
LinkedIn and Microsoft may use your data, including communications, for security and fraud investigations
LinkedIn and its Affiliates, including Microsoft, may use your data, including your communications, for security purposes or to prevent or investigate possible fraud or other violations of the law, of LinkedIn's User Agreement, and/or attempts to harm Members, Visitors, the company, its Affiliates or others.
Supporting quotations
We use data for security, fraud prevention and investigations.
We and our Affiliates, including Microsoft, may use your data (including your communications) for security purposes or to prevent or investigate possible fraud or other violations of the law, our
and/or attempts to harm our Members, Visitors, company, Affiliates, or others.
Qualifications & exceptions
This use extends to LinkedIn's Affiliates, not only LinkedIn.
Not stated here
The User Agreement is referenced but not supplied here.
Legal Rights & Agreement Rules · Context
"Social action" means likes, comments, follows and shares; "partners" include ad networks and exchanges
The policy's glossary notes say a social action is, for example, a like, comment, follow or share, and that partners include ad networks, exchanges and others. These terms are used in the advertising and sharing sections.
Supporting quotations
E.g. like, comment, follow, share
Partners include ad networks, exchanges and others
Qualifications & exceptions
Both lists are open-ended ("E.g." and "and others").
Sharing & Disclosure · Company practice
Your profile is visible to all Members and customers, and, depending on settings, to Visitors and search engines
Data on your profile, content you post and social actions you take will be seen by others, consistent with your settings. Your profile is fully visible to all Members and customers of LinkedIn's Services. Subject to your settings, it can also be visible to others on or off LinkedIn, such as Visitors or users of third-party search tools. What a particular viewer can see depends on your settings, your degree of connection, their subscriptions, their usage of the Services, access channels and search types (for example, by name or keyword).
Supporting quotations
Any data that you include on your profile and any content you post or social action (e.g., likes, follows, comments, shares) you take on our Services will be seen by others, consistent with your settings.
Your profile is fully visible to all Members and customers of our Services.
it can also be visible to others on or off of our Services (e.g., Visitors to our Services or users of third-party search tools).
access channels and search types (e.g., by name or by keyword) impact the availability of your profile and whether they can view certain fields in your profile.
Qualifications & exceptions
Visibility to Visitors and third-party search tools is subject to your settings; visibility to Members and customers is stated as full, though which fields a given viewer sees can vary with the listed factors.
Not stated here
The Help Center page detailing how these factors affect visibility is not supplied.
Sharing & Disclosure · Company practice
Public posts can be seen by anyone and re-shared anywhere, along with your name and photo
When you share an article or post publicly, it can be viewed by everyone and re-shared anywhere, subject to your settings. Members, Visitors and others will be able to find and see your publicly shared content, including your name and your photo if you provided one.
Supporting quotations
Our Services allow viewing and sharing information including through posts, likes, follows and comments.
When you share an article or a post (e.g., an update, image, video or article) publicly it can be viewed by everyone and re-shared anywhere (subject to your
Members, Visitors and others will be able to find and see your publicly-shared content, including your name (and photo if you have provided one).
Qualifications & exceptions
Subject to your settings.
Sharing & Disclosure · Company practice
Group posts follow the group's privacy type, and your group memberships are public on your profile unless you change it
In a group, posts are visible according to the group type: posts in private groups are visible to others in the group, and posts in public groups are visible publicly. Your membership in groups is public and part of your profile, but you can change that visibility in your settings.
Supporting quotations
posts are visible to others according to group type. For example, posts in private groups are visible to others in the group and posts in public groups are visible publicly. Your membership in groups is public and part of your profile, but you can change visibility in your
Sharing & Disclosure · Company practice
What you share on company pages is visible to the company, and following someone shows you as a follower
Information you share through companies' or other organizations' pages on LinkedIn can be viewed by those organizations and by others who view the pages' content. When you follow a person or organization, you are visible as a follower to others and to that page owner.
Supporting quotations
Any information you share through companies’ or other organizations’ pages on our Services will be viewable by those organizations and others who view those pages' content.
When you follow a person or organization, you are visible to others and that “page owner” as a follower.
Sharing & Disclosure · Company practice
Depending on settings, LinkedIn tells senders when you act on messages and Members when you view their profile
LinkedIn lets message senders know when you act on their message, subject to your settings where applicable. Subject to your settings, it lets a Member know when you view their profile. You also get choices about whether organizations learn that you viewed their Page.
Supporting quotations
We let senders know when you act on their message, subject to your
we let a Member know when you view their profile. We also give you
about letting organizations know when you've viewed their Page.
Qualifications & exceptions
Each of these is described as subject to your settings or choices.
Sharing & Disclosure · Company practice
Your likes, re-shares and comments, including on ads, are shown to others with your name and photo
When you like, re-share or comment on another person's content, including ads, others can view these social actions and associate them with you, for example through your name, profile and photo if you provided one.
Supporting quotations
When you like or re-share or comment on another’s content (including ads), others will be able to view these “social actions” and associate it with you (e.g., your name, profile and photo if you provided it).
Sharing & Disclosure · Company practice
Your employer sees and manages your use of work-provided LinkedIn services, but not job searches or personal messages
Your employer can see how you use LinkedIn Services it provided for your work (for example, as a recruiter or sales agent) and related information, and can review and manage your use of enterprise Services such as Recruiter, Sales Navigator, LinkedIn Learning or Campaign Manager. LinkedIn says it will not show your employer your job searches or personal messages.
Supporting quotations
Your employer can see how you use Services they provided for your work (e.g. as a recruiter or sales agent) and related information. We will not show them your job searches or personal messages.
Your employer may offer you access to our enterprise Services such as Recruiter, Sales Navigator, LinkedIn Learning or our advertising Campaign Manager. Your employer can review and manage your use of such enterprise Services.
Qualifications & exceptions
Job hunting and personal messages can still reach your employer if you share them yourself (see the enterprise sharing card).
Sharing & Disclosure · Company commitment
Some enterprise services ask permission to share your personal-account data, like a selling score, with your employer
Depending on the enterprise Service, LinkedIn will ask your permission before you use it to share relevant data from your profile or from your use of non-enterprise Services with your employer. For example, Sales Navigator users are asked to share their "social selling index", a score calculated partly from personal account activity. LinkedIn does not share job hunting or personal messages with your employer unless you choose to share them through the Services, for example by applying for another position at the same company or mentioning job hunting in a message to a co-worker.
Supporting quotations
Depending on the enterprise Service, before you use such Service, we will ask for permission to share with your employer relevant data from your profile or use of our non-enterprise Services. For example, users of Sales Navigator will be asked to share their “social selling index”, a score calculated in part based on their personal account activity.
We understand that certain activities such as job hunting and personal messages are sensitive, and so we do not share those with your employer unless you choose to share it with them through our Services (for example, by applying for a new position in the same company or mentioning your job hunting in a message to a co-worker through our Services).
Qualifications & exceptions
The permission request applies depending on the enterprise Service.
Applying internally or messaging a co-worker about job hunting counts as choosing to share it.
Workplace tools like employee directories can expose some of your data to your employer, subject to settings
Subject to your settings, when you use workplace tools and services such as interactive employee directory tools, some of your data may be made available to your employer or connected with information LinkedIn receives from your employer to enable those tools.
Supporting quotations
when you use workplace tools and services (e.g., interactive employee directory tools) certain of your data may also be made available to your employer or be connected with information we receive from your employer to enable these tools and services.
Qualifications & exceptions
Subject to your settings.
Not stated here
Which data is "certain of your data" is not specified.
Sharing & Disclosure · Company practice
Messages to or from regulated Members may be archived outside LinkedIn by third-party services
Some Members, or their employers, must archive their communications and social media activity for legal or professional compliance and use other companies' services to do so. LinkedIn enables archiving of messages sent by and to those Members outside its Services. For example, a financial advisor may need to archive her communications with clients on LinkedIn to keep her license.
Supporting quotations
Regulated Members may need to store communications outside of our Service.
Some Members (or their employers) need, for legal or professional compliance, to archive their communications and social media activity, and will use services of others to provide these archival services. We enable archiving of messages by and to those Members outside of our Services.
Qualifications & exceptions
Your messages to a regulated Member can be archived even if you are not regulated yourself.
Not stated here
The archival providers and their handling of messages are not described.
Sharing & Disclosure · Company practice
Excerpts of your profile appear on other services, which may look up your profile depending on settings
You may link your LinkedIn account with other services so they can look up your contacts' profiles, post your shares on their platforms or let you start conversations with your connections there. Excerpts from your profile will also appear on others' services, and, subject to your settings, other services may look up your profile.
Supporting quotations
You may link your account with others’ services so that they can look up your contacts’ profiles, post your shares on such platforms, or enable you to start conversations with your connections on such platforms. Excerpts from your profile will also appear on the services of others.
other services may look up your profile.
Qualifications & exceptions
Profile lookup by other services is subject to your settings.
Sharing & Disclosure · Company practice
Linking your account to other services gives them your name, title and company under their own privacy policies
When you choose to link your LinkedIn account with other services, personal data such as your name, title and company becomes available to them. How that data is shared and used is described in, or linked from, a consent screen when you link the accounts. Examples include linking a Twitter or WeChat account to share LinkedIn content there, or an email provider offering to upload your LinkedIn contacts into its service. Third-party services have their own privacy policies, and you may be giving them permission to use your data in ways LinkedIn would not. You may revoke the link.
Supporting quotations
When you opt to link your account with other services, personal data (e.g., your name, title, and company) will become available to them. The sharing and use of that personal data will be described in, or linked to, a consent screen when you opt to link the accounts. For example, you may link your Twitter or WeChat account to share content from our Services into these other services, or your email provider may give you the option to upload your LinkedIn contacts into its own service. Third-party services have their own privacy policies, and you may be giving them permission to use your data in ways we would not. You may
the link with such accounts.
Qualifications & exceptions
This applies when you opt to link accounts; you can revoke the link.
Not stated here
Revoking the link is not described as removing data the other service already received.
Sharing & Disclosure · Context
Your profile and posts may show up on other services, and those copies may not reflect later changes you make
Information you make available to others on LinkedIn, such as profile information, posts, engagement with posts or messages to Pages, may be available to them on other services. For example, search tools, mail and calendar apps, or talent and lead managers may show a user limited profile data (subject to your settings), and social media management tools or other platforms may display your posts. Information kept on those services may not reflect updates you make on LinkedIn.
Supporting quotations
The information you make available to others in our Services (e.g., information from your profile, your posts, your engagement with the posts, or message to Pages)
For example, search tools, mail and calendar applications, or talent and lead managers may show a user limited profile data (subject to your
and social media management tools or other platforms may display your posts. The information retained on these services may not reflect updates you make on LinkedIn.
Qualifications & exceptions
Limited profile data shown in other tools is subject to your settings.
Not stated here
The linked page about availability on other services is not supplied.
Sharing & Disclosure · Company practice
LinkedIn shares your personal data with Affiliates to run its Services, such as sending some queries to Bing
LinkedIn will share your personal data with its Affiliates to provide and develop its Services. For example, it may refer a query to Bing in some cases, such as when a more up-to-date answer would help in a chat experience.
Supporting quotations
We share your data across our different Services and LinkedIn affiliated entities.
We will share your personal data with our Affiliates to provide and develop our Services. For example, we may refer a query to Bing in some instances, such as where you'd benefit from a more up to date response in a chat experience.
Not stated here
What personal data accompanies a query referred to Bing is not specified.
Sharing & Disclosure · Permission or license
LinkedIn may share your public posts and personal data with Microsoft for Microsoft's services and advertising
Subject to its European Regional Privacy Notice, LinkedIn may also share with its Affiliates, including Microsoft, (1) your publicly shared content, such as public LinkedIn posts, so they can provide or develop their own services, and (2) your personal data so they can improve, provide or develop their advertising services.
Supporting quotations
Subject to our [European Regional Privacy Notice](https://www.linkedin.com/legal/privacy/eu?src=or-search&veh=www.google.com%7Cor-search), we may also share with our Affiliates, including Microsoft, your (1) publicly-shared content (such as your public LinkedIn posts) to provide or develop their services and (2) personal data to improve, provide or develop their advertising services.
Qualifications & exceptions
This sharing is stated as subject to the European Regional Privacy Notice, which may limit it for users in the Designated Countries or the UK.
It is for the Affiliates' own services and advertising, not only LinkedIn's.
Not stated here
The European Regional Privacy Notice is not supplied, so how it limits this sharing is not analyzed.
Where allowed, LinkedIn combines your information across its Services, such as using learning history for job picks
Where allowed, LinkedIn may combine information internally across the different Services covered by this policy to make them more relevant. For example, it may personalize your feed or job recommendations based on your learning history.
Supporting quotations
we may combine information internally across the different Services covered by this Privacy Policy to help our Services be more relevant and useful to you and others. For example, we may personalize your feed or job recommendations based on your learning history.
Qualifications & exceptions
Limited to where allowed; the linked page explaining where is not supplied.
Not stated here
Where this combination is allowed is on a linked page that is not supplied.
Sharing & Disclosure · Company practice
Service providers get your information as reasonably necessary and must not use it for other purposes
LinkedIn uses other companies to help provide its Services, for example for maintenance, analysis, audit, payments, fraud detection, customer support, marketing and development. They have access to your information (such as the contents of a customer support request) as reasonably necessary to perform these tasks for LinkedIn and are obligated not to disclose or use it for other purposes. If you buy a Service, LinkedIn may use a payments provider that may separately collect information about you, for example for fraud prevention or legal compliance.
Supporting quotations
We may use others to help us with our Services.
We use others to help us provide our Services (e.g., maintenance, analysis, audit, payments, fraud detection, customer support, marketing and development). They will have access to your information (e.g., the contents of a customer support request) as reasonably necessary to perform these tasks on our behalf and are obligated not to disclose or use it for other purposes.
If you purchase a Service from us, we may use a payments service provider who may separately collect information about you (e.g., for fraud prevention or to comply with legal obligations).
Qualifications & exceptions
A payments provider's separate collection is not described as limited by the "other purposes" restriction.
Legal Rights & Agreement Rules · Permission or license
LinkedIn may disclose your information for legal process or when it believes in good faith disclosure is needed
LinkedIn may disclose information about you when required by law, subpoena or other legal process, or when it has a good-faith belief that disclosure is reasonably necessary to: (1) investigate, prevent or act on suspected or actual illegal activity or assist government enforcement agencies; (2) enforce its agreements with you; (3) investigate and defend against third-party claims; (4) protect the security or integrity of its Services or its Affiliates' products, including by sharing with companies facing similar threats; or (5) protect the rights and safety of LinkedIn, its Members, personnel or others.
Supporting quotations
We may need to share your data when we believe it’s required by law or to help protect the rights and safety of you, us or others.
It is possible that we will need to disclose information about you when required by law, subpoena, or other legal process or if we have a good faith belief that disclosure is reasonably necessary to (1) investigate, prevent or take action regarding suspected or actual illegal activities or to assist government enforcement agencies; (2) enforce our agreements with you; (3) investigate and defend ourselves against any third-party claims or allegations; (4) protect the security or integrity of our Services or the products or services of our Affiliates (such as by sharing with companies facing similar threats); or (5) exercise or protect the rights and safety of LinkedIn, our Members, personnel or others.
Qualifications & exceptions
Beyond legal compulsion, disclosure rests on LinkedIn's own good-faith belief that it is reasonably necessary for one of the five listed purposes.
Legal Rights & Agreement Rules · Company commitment
LinkedIn tries to tell Members about legal demands for their data, but does not promise to notify or challenge
LinkedIn attempts to notify Members about legal demands for their personal data when it judges this appropriate, unless prohibited by law or court order or when the request is an emergency. It may dispute demands it considers overbroad, vague or lacking proper authority, at its discretion, but it does not promise to challenge every demand.
Supporting quotations
We attempt to notify Members about legal demands for their personal data when appropriate in our judgment, unless prohibited by law or court order or when the request is an emergency. We may dispute such demands when we believe, in our discretion, that the requests are overbroad, vague or lack proper authority, but we do not promise to challenge every demand.
Qualifications & exceptions
Notice depends on LinkedIn's judgment and is excluded where prohibited or in emergencies; challenging demands is discretionary.
Not stated here
The Data Request Guidelines and Transparency Report are linked, not supplied.
Sharing & Disclosure · Permission or license
Your data can be transferred in a sale or merger, and the buyer must follow this policy unless you agree otherwise
LinkedIn can share your personal data as part of a sale, merger or change in control, or in preparation for one. Any entity that buys LinkedIn or part of its business may continue to use your data, but only as set out in this Privacy Policy unless you agree otherwise.
Supporting quotations
We may share your data when our business is sold to others, but it must continue to be used in accordance with this Privacy Policy.
We can also share your personal data as part of a sale, merger or change in control, or in preparation for any of these events. Any other entity which buys us or part of our business will have the right to continue to use your data, but only in the manner set out in this Privacy Policy unless you agree otherwise.
Qualifications & exceptions
Sharing may occur in preparation for a transaction, before it happens.
Retention & Deletion · Company practice
LinkedIn generally keeps your data, including inferences, for as long as your account stays open
LinkedIn generally retains your personal data as long as you keep your account open or as needed to provide you Services. This includes data you or others provided and data generated or inferred from your use. Even if you only use LinkedIn when job hunting every few years, it will retain your information and keep your profile open unless you close your account. In some cases it chooses to keep certain information, such as insights about Services use, in depersonalized or aggregated form.
Supporting quotations
We keep most of your personal data for as long as your account is open.
We generally retain your personal data as long as you keep your account open or as needed to provide you Services. This includes data you or others provided to us and data generated or inferred from your use of our Services. Even if you only use our Services when looking for a new job every few years, we will retain your information and keep your profile open, unless you close your account. In some cases we choose to retain certain information (e.g., insights about Services use) in a depersonalized or aggregated form.
Qualifications & exceptions
"Generally" and "as needed to provide you Services" leave room for different retention periods; no fixed period is stated for open accounts.
Account & Service Control · User right or choice
Settings let you delete or correct profile data, control post visibility, and opt out of some ads and messages
LinkedIn offers choices about collection, use and sharing of your data, from deleting or correcting data in your profile and controlling the visibility of your posts, to advertising opt-outs and communication controls. It provides settings to control and manage the personal data it has about you.
Supporting quotations
You can access or delete your personal data. You have many choices about how your data is collected, used and shared.
about the collection, use and sharing of your data, from deleting or correcting data you include in your
We offer you
Not stated here
The individual settings pages are linked, not supplied.
Account & Service Control · User right or choice
You can ask LinkedIn to erase all or some of your personal data
For personal data LinkedIn has about you, you can ask it to erase or delete all or some of it, for example if it is no longer necessary to provide Services to you. LinkedIn says it will consider such requests in accordance with applicable laws.
Supporting quotations
For personal data that we have about you, you can:
You can ask us to erase or delete all or some of your personal data (e.g., if it is no longer necessary to provide Services to you).
You may also contact us using the contact information below, and we will consider your request in accordance with applicable laws.
Qualifications & exceptions
This is a right to ask; the policy says requests are considered in accordance with applicable laws, and account-closure retention exceptions may apply.
Residents of the Designated Countries, the UK and other regions may have additional rights under their laws.
Account & Service Control · User right or choice
You can edit some data yourself and ask LinkedIn to correct inaccurate data
You can edit some of your personal data through your account. You can also ask LinkedIn to change, update or fix your data in certain cases, particularly if it is inaccurate.
Supporting quotations
You can edit some of your personal data through your account. You can also ask us to change, update or fix your data in certain cases, particularly if it’s inaccurate.
Qualifications & exceptions
Correction requests are available "in certain cases"; requests are considered in accordance with applicable laws.
Account & Service Control · User right or choice
You can ask LinkedIn to stop or limit using your data, such as when it has no legal right or data is inaccurate
You can ask LinkedIn to stop using all or some of your personal data (for example, if it has no legal right to keep using it) or to limit its use (for example, if your personal data is inaccurate or unlawfully held).
Supporting quotations
You can ask us to stop using all or some of your personal data (e.g., if we have no legal right to keep using it) or to limit our use of it (e.g., if your personal data is inaccurate or unlawfully held).
Qualifications & exceptions
This is a right to ask; requests are considered in accordance with applicable laws.
Account & Service Control · User right or choice
You can request a copy of your data, and a machine-readable copy of data you provided
You can ask LinkedIn for a copy of your personal data, and for a copy of the personal data you provided in machine-readable form. Visitors are pointed to a separate page for how to make these requests.
Supporting quotations
You can ask us for a copy of your personal data and can ask for a copy of personal data you provided in machine readable form.
Visitors can
Qualifications & exceptions
The machine-readable copy covers personal data you provided, not necessarily data LinkedIn generated or inferred.
Requests are considered in accordance with applicable laws.
Legal Rights & Agreement Rules · Context
People in the EU, EEA, Switzerland, UK and other regions may have additional privacy rights
Residents of the Designated Countries (EU, EEA and Switzerland) and the UK, and of other regions, may have additional rights under their laws. These are described on linked regional pages rather than in this policy.
Supporting quotations
may have additional rights under their laws.
Not stated here
The regional pages describing these additional rights are not supplied.
Retention & Deletion · Company commitment
After you close your account, your data generally disappears from view within 24 hours and is deleted within 30 days
If you close your LinkedIn account, your personal data will generally stop being visible to others on LinkedIn within 24 hours. LinkedIn generally deletes closed-account information within 30 days of closure, except as described in the retention exceptions.
Supporting quotations
We keep some of your data even after you close your account.
account, your personal data will generally stop being visible to others on our Services within 24 hours. We generally delete closed account information within 30 days of account closure, except as noted below.
Qualifications & exceptions
Both timeframes are stated as "generally" and deletion is subject to listed exceptions (legal obligations, disputes, security, fraud, enforcement, unsubscribe requests and de-personalized data).
Retention & Deletion · Restriction or exception
LinkedIn keeps some data after closure for legal, dispute, security, fraud and enforcement reasons
LinkedIn retains your personal data after you close your account if reasonably necessary to comply with legal obligations (including law enforcement requests), meet regulatory requirements, resolve disputes, maintain security, prevent fraud and abuse (for example, if your account was restricted for breaching the Professional Community Policies), enforce its User Agreement, or honor your request to unsubscribe from further messages. It will also keep de-personalized information after closure.
Supporting quotations
We retain your personal data even after you have closed your account if reasonably necessary to comply with our legal obligations (including law enforcement requests), meet regulatory requirements, resolve disputes, maintain security, prevent fraud and abuse (e.g., if we have
enforce our User Agreement, or fulfill your request to "unsubscribe" from further messages from us. We will retain de-personalized information after your account has been closed.
Qualifications & exceptions
No retention period is stated for these exceptions.
Messages and posts you shared stay visible after you close your account or delete them from your profile
Information you shared with others, such as through InMail, updates or group posts, remains visible after you close your account or delete it from your own profile or mailbox, and LinkedIn does not control data other Members have copied out of the Services. Group content and ratings or reviews from closed accounts show an unknown user as the source. Your profile may keep appearing on other services, such as search tools, until they refresh their cache.
Supporting quotations
Information you have shared with others (e.g., through InMail, updates or group posts) will remain visible after you close your account or delete the information from your own profile or mailbox, and we do not control data that other Members have copied out of our Services. Groups content and ratings or review content associated with closed accounts will show an unknown user as the source. Your profile may continue to be displayed in the services of others (e.g., search tools) until they refresh their cache.
Security & Safeguards · Restriction or exception
LinkedIn uses safeguards such as HTTPS but does not guarantee the security of your data
LinkedIn implements security safeguards designed to protect your data, such as HTTPS, and regularly monitors its systems for vulnerabilities and attacks. However, it says it cannot warrant the security of any information you send, and there is no guarantee that data will not be accessed, disclosed, altered or destroyed through a breach of its physical, technical or managerial safeguards. It asks you to use the security features available in the Services.
Supporting quotations
We monitor for and try to prevent security breaches. Please use the security features available through our Services.
We implement security safeguards designed to protect your data, such as HTTPS. We regularly monitor our systems for possible vulnerabilities and attacks. However, we cannot warrant the security of any information that you send us. There is no guarantee that data may not be accessed, disclosed, altered, or destroyed by breach of any of our physical, technical, or managerial safeguards.
Use & Processing · Context
Your data is processed inside and outside the US, possibly under less protective laws than your own country's
LinkedIn stores and uses your data outside your country. It processes data both inside and outside the United States and relies on legally provided mechanisms to transfer data across borders lawfully. Countries where it processes data may have laws that differ from, and may be less protective than, those of your own country.
Supporting quotations
We store and use your data outside your country.
We process data both inside and outside of the United States and rely on legally-provided mechanisms to lawfully transfer data across borders.
Countries where we process data may have laws which are different from, and potentially not as protective as, the laws of your own country.
Not stated here
The specific transfer mechanisms are on a linked page that is not supplied.
Legal Rights & Agreement Rules · Company commitment
LinkedIn says it processes your data only on a lawful basis: consent, contract or legitimate interests
LinkedIn says it will only collect and process your personal data where it has lawful bases, which include consent (where you have given it), contract (where processing is necessary to perform a contract with you, such as delivering Services you requested) and legitimate interests. Where it relies on consent, it will ask for your explicit consent. Where it relies on contract, it will ask you to agree to processing necessary for the contract. It will rely on legitimate interests where the processing is not overridden by your interests or fundamental rights and freedoms.
Supporting quotations
We will only collect and process personal data about you where we have lawful bases. Lawful bases include consent (where you have given consent), contract (where processing is necessary for the performance of a contract with you (e.g., to deliver the LinkedIn Services you have requested) and “legitimate interests.”
Where we process data based on consent, we will ask for your explicit consent.
Where we rely on contract, we will ask that you agree to the processing of personal data that is necessary for entering into or performance of your contract with us. We will rely on legitimate interests as a basis for data processing where the processing of your data is not overridden by your interests or fundamental rights and freedoms.
If you're located in one of the Designated Countries or the UK, you can learn more about our lawful bases for processing in our
Qualifications & exceptions
The policy does not map each specific use to a particular lawful basis.
People in the Designated Countries or the UK are pointed to the European Regional Privacy Notice for more on lawful bases.
Not stated here
The European Regional Privacy Notice and the linked lawful-bases page are not supplied.
Account & Service Control · User right or choice
You can withdraw consent at any time in settings and object to processing based on legitimate interests
Where LinkedIn relies on your consent, you can withdraw or decline it at any time, including through settings; withdrawal does not affect the lawfulness of processing before it. Where LinkedIn relies on legitimate interests, you have the right to object. Questions about lawful bases can go to LinkedIn's Data Protection Officer.
Supporting quotations
We have lawful bases to collect, use and share data about you. You have choices about our use of your data. At any time, you can withdraw consent you have provided by going to settings.
Where we rely on your consent to process personal data, you have the right to withdraw or decline your consent at any time and where we rely on legitimate interests, you have the right to object.
You may withdraw your consent at any time, but that will not affect the lawfulness of the processing of your personal data prior to such withdrawal.
If you have any questions about the lawful bases upon which we collect and use your personal data, please
Qualifications & exceptions
Withdrawal only affects processing going forward.
Sharing & Disclosure · Company commitment
LinkedIn currently does not share personal data with third parties for their direct marketing without permission
LinkedIn says it currently does not share personal data with third parties for their own direct marketing purposes without your permission. Its response to "do not track" browser signals is described on a linked page, not in this policy.
Supporting quotations
Our statements regarding direct marketing and “do not track” signals.
We currently do not share personal data with third parties for their direct marketing purposes without your permission.
about this and about our response to “do not track” signals.
Qualifications & exceptions
The statement is framed as current practice ("currently").
Not stated here
How LinkedIn responds to "do not track" signals is not stated in the supplied text.
Legal Rights & Agreement Rules · Procedure
Complaints go first to LinkedIn online or by mail; some regions can also contact its Data Protection Officer
If you have questions or complaints about this Policy, LinkedIn asks you to contact it online first; you can also reach it by physical mail. If that does not resolve your complaint, you have more options. Residents of the Designated Countries and other regions may also have the right to contact LinkedIn's Data Protection Officer, and if that does not resolve the complaint, may have more options under their laws.
Supporting quotations
You can contact us or use other options to resolve any complaints.
If you have questions or complaints regarding this Policy, please first
If this does not resolve your complaint, Residents in the Designated Countries and other regions may have more
Qualifications & exceptions
The Data Protection Officer route is described for residents of the Designated Countries and other regions.
Not stated here
The further complaint options are on linked pages that are not supplied.
Data Access & Collection · Company practice
Cookies, pixels and ad tags recognize you and your devices on, off and across services where you used LinkedIn
LinkedIn uses cookies and similar technologies, such as pixels and ad tags, to collect data (for example, device IDs) that recognizes you and your devices on, off and across different services and devices where you have engaged with LinkedIn's Services. LinkedIn also allows some other parties to use cookies, as described in its Cookie Policy.
Supporting quotations
We collect data through cookies and similar technologies.
we use cookies and similar technologies (e.g., pixels and ad tags) to collect data (e.g., device IDs) to recognize you and your device(s) on, off and across different services and devices where you have engaged with our Services.
We also allow some others to use cookies as described in our Cookie Policy.
Not stated here
The Cookie Policy, which describes these technologies and the other parties allowed to use cookies, is linked but not supplied.
Data Access & Collection · Company practice
Outside the EU, EEA and Switzerland, LinkedIn collects device data even where you have not used LinkedIn, for ads
If you are outside the Designated Countries (the EU, EEA and Switzerland), LinkedIn also collects, or relies on others including Microsoft to collect, information about your device where you have not engaged with LinkedIn's Services, such as ad ID, IP address, operating system and browser information. The stated purpose is to show LinkedIn Members relevant ads and better understand the ads' effectiveness.
Supporting quotations
If you are outside the Designated Countries, we also collect (or rely on others, including Microsoft, who collect) information about your device where you have not engaged with our Services (e.g., ad ID, IP address, operating system and browser information) so we can provide our Members with relevant ads and better understand their effectiveness.
Qualifications & exceptions
This practice is stated only for people outside the Designated Countries; the UK is not in that definition.
Not stated here
The linked "Learn more" page is not supplied.
Data Access & Collection · User right or choice
You can opt out of LinkedIn using cookie data from other sites for ad targeting
You can opt out of LinkedIn's use of data from cookies and similar technologies that track your behavior on other sites for ad targeting and other ad-related purposes. Visitors without an account have a separate set of controls.
Supporting quotations
from our use of data from cookies and similar technologies that track your behavior on the sites of others for ad targeting and other ad-related purposes.
For Visitors,
Qualifications & exceptions
The opt-out is described as covering LinkedIn's use of that data for ad targeting and ad-related purposes; the policy does not say it stops the cookies from collecting data.
Not stated here
The opt-out and Visitor control pages are linked, not supplied.
Data Access & Collection · Company practice
LinkedIn records the site you came from and go to, plus your network and device details
When you visit or leave LinkedIn's Services, including through some plugins and LinkedIn cookies on other sites, LinkedIn receives the URL of the site you came from and the one you go to, and the time of your visit. It also gets information about your network and device, such as IP address, proxy server, operating system, web browser and add-ons, device identifier and features, cookie IDs and/or ISP, or your mobile carrier.
Supporting quotations
We receive data through cookies and similar technologies
When you visit or leave our Services (including some plugins and our cookies or similar technology on the sites of others), we receive the URL of both the site you came from and the one you go to and the time of your visit.
We also get information about your network and device (e.g., IP address, proxy server, operating system, web browser and add-ons, device identifier and features, cookie IDs and/or ISP, or your mobile carrier).
Data Access & Collection · Company commitment
Your phone sends location based on its settings; precise GPS location needs your opt-in
If you use LinkedIn from a mobile device, the device will send LinkedIn location data based on your phone settings. LinkedIn says it will ask you to opt in before it uses GPS or other tools to identify your precise location.
Supporting quotations
If you use our Services from a mobile device, that device will send us data about your location based on your phone settings.
We will ask you to opt-in before we use GPS or other tools to identify your precise location.
Qualifications & exceptions
The opt-in commitment covers identifying precise location with GPS or other tools; location data sent according to your phone settings is not described as needing a separate opt-in.
Data Access & Collection · Company practice
LinkedIn collects information about your messages, events and connection requests, including who and when
LinkedIn collects information about you when you communicate through its Services, for example when you send, receive or engage with messages, events or connection requests, including LinkedIn's marketing communications. This may include information showing who you are communicating with and when.
Supporting quotations
If you communicate through our Services, we learn about that.
We collect information about you when you communicate with others through our Services (e.g., when you send, receive, or engage with messages, events, or connection requests, including our marketing communications). This may include information that indicates who you are communicating with and when.
Not stated here
This passage does not say whether message content itself is collected beyond the examples; it says information is collected when you communicate and may include who and when.
Use & Processing · Company practice
Automated systems suggest message replies and manage or block content that breaks LinkedIn's rules
LinkedIn uses automated systems to support and protect its site. For example, these systems suggest possible responses to messages and manage or block content that violates the User Agreement or the Professional Community Policies.
Supporting quotations
to support and protect our site. For example, we use such systems to suggest possible responses to messages and to manage or block content that violates our User Agreement or
Not stated here
The User Agreement and Professional Community Policies are referenced but not supplied here.
Data Access & Collection · Company practice
Employers or schools that buy LinkedIn services for you provide data about you and your eligibility
When an organization such as your employer or school buys a premium Service for you to use, it gives LinkedIn personal data about you and your eligibility to use the Services it purchased for its workers, students or alumni. For example, LinkedIn gets contact information for LinkedIn Page administrators and for authorizing users of premium Services such as recruiting, sales or learning products.
Supporting quotations
When your organization (e.g., employer or school) buys a premium Service for you to use, they give us data about you.
Others buying our Services for your use, such as your employer or your school, provide us with personal data about you and your eligibility to use the Services that they purchase for use by their workers, students or alumni.
administrators and for authorizing users of our premium Services, such as our recruiting, sales or learning products.
Data Access & Collection · Company practice
Signing in with LinkedIn elsewhere, or visiting sites with LinkedIn plugins, ads or cookies, sends LinkedIn data
LinkedIn receives information about your visits to and interactions with other companies' services when you log in to them with LinkedIn, or when you visit services that include some LinkedIn plugins (such as "Apply with LinkedIn"), LinkedIn ads, cookies or similar technologies.
Supporting quotations
We get data when you visit sites that include our ads, cookies or plugins or when you log-in to others’ services with your LinkedIn account.
We receive information about your visits and interaction with services provided by others when you log-in with LinkedIn or visit others’ services that include some of our plugins (such as “Apply with LinkedIn”) or our ads, cookies or similar technologies.
Legal Rights & Agreement Rules · Company commitment
LinkedIn will notify you if it collects materially different data or materially changes its data practices
LinkedIn often introduces new features that may require collecting new information. If it collects materially different personal data or materially changes how it collects, uses or shares your data, it says it will notify you and may also modify this Privacy Policy.
Supporting quotations
We are improving our Services, which means we get new data and create new ways to use data.
Our Services are dynamic, and we often introduce new features, which may require the collection of new information. If we collect materially different personal data or materially change how we collect, use or share your data, we will notify you and may also modify this Privacy Policy.
Qualifications & exceptions
The notice commitment applies to material differences or changes; the passage does not say when the notice is given relative to the change.
Legal Rights & Agreement Rules · Context
"Affiliates" includes LinkedIn Ireland, LinkedIn Corporation, LinkedIn Singapore and Microsoft and its subsidiaries
In this policy, Affiliates are companies controlling, controlled by or under common control with LinkedIn. Examples given are LinkedIn Ireland, LinkedIn Corporation, LinkedIn Singapore and Microsoft Corporation or any of its subsidiaries, such as GitHub, Inc.
Supporting quotations
Affiliates are companies controlling, controlled by or under common control with us, including, for example, LinkedIn Ireland, LinkedIn Corporation, LinkedIn Singapore and Microsoft Corporation or any of its subsidiaries (e.g., GitHub, Inc.).
Qualifications & exceptions
The named companies are examples; the definition covers any company in that control relationship.
LinkedIn uses your data to recommend jobs to you and to recommend you to recruiters
Your profile can be found by people looking to hire, for a job or a specific task. LinkedIn will use your data to recommend jobs to you, to recommend you to recruiters, and to show you and others relevant professional contacts (for example, people at a company, in an industry, function or location, or with certain skills and connections). You can signal that you are interested in changing jobs and share information with recruiters. LinkedIn may use automated systems to provide content and recommendations to Members, Visitors and customers.
Supporting quotations
Your profile can be found by those looking to hire (for a job or a
We will use your data to recommend jobs and show you and others relevant professional contacts (e.g., who work at a company, in an industry, function or location or have certain skills and connections).
in changing jobs and share information with recruiters. We will use your data to recommend jobs to you and you to recruiters. We may use automated systems to provide content and recommendations to help make our Services more relevant to our Members, Visitors and customers.
Not stated here
The linked page about signaling interest in new jobs is not supplied, so who sees that signal is not detailed here.
Use & Processing · Company practice
If your settings allow, LinkedIn scans messages for tools that schedule, draft, summarize and suggest next steps
If your settings allow it, LinkedIn scans messages to provide "bots" or similar tools that help with tasks such as scheduling meetings, drafting responses, summarizing messages or recommending next steps.
Supporting quotations
If your [settings](https://www.linkedin.com/psettings/) allow, we scan messages to provide “bots” or similar tools that facilitate tasks such as scheduling meetings, drafting responses, summarizing messages or recommending next steps.
Qualifications & exceptions
This scanning is conditioned on your settings. Section 1.6 separately says automated systems suggest possible responses to messages without stating that condition.
Not stated here
Which setting controls this and its default are not stated in the policy.
Cross-references
contrast (model-proposed): Automated systems suggest message replies and manage or block content that breaks LinkedIn's rules — contrast: Section 2.1 conditions scanning messages to draft responses on your settings, while section 1.6 says automated systems suggest possible responses to messages without stating that condition. Reviewed tension: the two passages may describe different features; neither text resolves it.
Sharing & Disclosure · Company practice
Paying customers can export your name, headline, current job and general location unless you opt out
LinkedIn sells premium Services that give customers and subscribers custom search and tools, including messaging and activity alerts, to search for and contact Members such as job candidates, sales leads and co-workers. These customers can export limited information from your profile, such as your name, headline, current company, current title and general location (for example, Dublin), to manage sales leads or talent, unless you opt out.
Supporting quotations
Our premium Services help paying users to search for and contact Members through our Services, such as searching for and contacting job candidates, sales leads and co-workers, manage talent and promote content.
We sell premium Services that provide our customers and subscribers with customized-search functionality and tools (including messaging and activity alerts) as part of our talent, marketing and sales solutions.
Customers can export limited information from your profile, such as name, headline, current company, current title, and general location (e.g., Dublin), such as to manage sales leads or talent, unless you
Qualifications & exceptions
You can opt out of this export.
Not stated here
The opt-out setting page is linked, not supplied.
Sharing & Disclosure · Company commitment
LinkedIn does not give your contact information to premium customers without your consent
As part of its premium Services, LinkedIn does not provide your contact information to customers without your consent.
Supporting quotations
We do not provide contact information to customers as part of these premium Services without your consent.
Qualifications & exceptions
Premium customers can still store contact information they already have about you in the premium Services (see the related card).
Sharing & Disclosure · Context
Premium customers can store their own data about you in LinkedIn tools, governed by their policies
Premium Services customers can store information they have about you in LinkedIn's premium Services, such as a resume, contact information or sales history. That stored data is subject to those customers' policies, not described as governed by this one. Other enterprise features that use your data include TeamLink and LinkedIn Pages (for example, content analytics and followers).
Supporting quotations
Premium Services customers can store information they have about you in our premium Services, such as a resume or contact information or sales history. The data stored about you by these customers is subject to the policies of those customers. Other enterprise Services and features that use your data include
Not stated here
The customers' own policies are not supplied and will vary.
Account & Service Control · Company practice
LinkedIn contacts you by email, phone, text, push and inbox, including promotional messages from it and partners
LinkedIn will contact you by email, mobile phone, notices on its websites or apps, messages to your LinkedIn inbox and other ways, including text messages and push notifications. Messages cover service availability, security and other service issues, as well as how to use the Services, network updates, reminders, job suggestions and promotional messages from LinkedIn and its partners. You may change your communication preferences at any time, and settings control what messages you receive and how often for some types. LinkedIn also enables communications between you and others, such as invitations, InMail, groups and messages between connections.
Supporting quotations
We contact you and enable communications between Members. We offer settings to control what messages you receive and how often you receive some types of messages.
We will contact you through email, mobile phone, notices posted on our websites or apps, messages to your LinkedIn inbox, and other ways through our Services, including text messages and push notifications.
We also send messages about how to use our Services, network updates, reminders, job suggestions and promotional messages from us and our partners. You may change your communication
We also enable
Qualifications & exceptions
Service messages, including security and legal notices, cannot be opted out of (see the related card).
Account & Service Control · Restriction or exception
You cannot opt out of LinkedIn's service messages, including security and legal notices
LinkedIn will send you messages about the availability of its Services, security and other service-related issues. You cannot opt out of receiving these service messages, including security and legal notices.
Supporting quotations
We will send you messages about the availability of our Services, security, or other service-related issues.
Please be aware that you cannot opt out of receiving service messages from us, including security and legal notices.
Use & Processing · Restriction or exception
Tailored ads appear on and off LinkedIn; you have choices on personalized ads but cannot opt out of non-personalized ads
LinkedIn serves you tailored ads both on and off its Services. It offers choices about personalized ads, but you cannot opt out of seeing non-personalized ads.
Supporting quotations
We serve you tailored ads both on and off our Services. We offer you choices regarding personalized ads, but you cannot opt-out of seeing non-personalized ads.
Use & Processing · Company practice
Ads are targeted using ad-tech tracking data, your profile details and your activity on LinkedIn, alone or combined
LinkedIn targets and measures ads to Members, Visitors and others, on and off its Services, directly or through partners, using data separately or combined. The listed sources include data collected by advertising technologies on and off LinkedIn (pixels, ad tags such as a LinkedIn tag an advertiser installs on its website, cookies and other device identifiers); Member-provided information (such as profile, contact information, title and industry); and data from your use of the Services (such as search history, feed, content you read, who you follow or who follows you, connections, groups participation, page visits, videos you watch and ad clicks). The list continues in the next section.
Supporting quotations
We target (and measure the performance of) ads to Members, Visitors and others both on and off our Services directly or through a variety of partners, using the following data, whether separately or combined:
Data collected by advertising technologies on and off our Services using pixels, ad tags (e.g., when an advertiser installs a LinkedIn
on their website), cookies, and other device identifiers;
Member-provided information (e.g., profile, contact information, title and industry);
Data from your use of our Services (e.g., search history, feed, content you read, who you follow or is following you, connections,
Qualifications & exceptions
Member-provided contact information is listed as an ad-targeting input.